fullcortex.net

(1999)

Clubfoot is a congenital foot deformity that occurs in about 1 of every 1,000 births. The term is applied to a variety of foot abnormalities in which the foot is twisted out of shape or position. In some 95 percent of cases, the foot—including the heel—is twisted downward and inward and the arch is increased. Both feet are involved in about half of the infants with clubfoot. Boys are about twice as likely as girls to have the problem.

The cause is unknown. Contrary to common belief, fetal position in the uterus is not at fault. In some instances clubfoot is accompanied by other congenital anomalies of the skeleton.

Starting treatment soon after birth is important. About half of the time, the problem can be improved with stretching, splinting or casting the foot, and use of corrective shoes. At times, surgical treatment is required. When needed, this is usually done between the ages of 4 and 18 months. Orthopedic care throughout childhood is important. The involved foot will never achieve completely normal contours and calf muscles in the affected leg are usually somewhat underdeveloped.